At the second harmonic, the single-mode Q-switched laser exhibits a spectral width of 45 MHz during a measurement time of 11 ms and a long-term spectral width of 75 MHz that is broadened by vibrations and the modulation of the cavity length for the stabil

The development of effective solar cells, which use sunlight to create electricity or hydrogen by splitting water, has attracted a lot of interest worldwide. Utilizing solar energy as a laser pumping system is an additional method of capturing plentiful,